This research analyzes the motivations and dynamics of small farmer participation in supermarket supply chains in developing countries. Results suggest that farmers delay entry to observe their neighbors’ outcomes.
Relying on a randomized rollout strategy, this paper reports the results of a multi-year impact evaluation that spanned the 5-year life of the program.
In this paper we use panel data on horticultural growers in Nicaragua to address the determinants of adoption into the supermarket channel, the determinants of “duration” as supermarket suppliers, and the effect of time to adoption and duration on farm capital and farm technology choice.
We explore whether farm land and non-land assets determine the participation of tomato growers in modern markets in Nicaragua, and how farmers’ duration as supermarket suppliers affects their farm capital accumulation and technology.
We use unique data on negotiated prices from Nicaraguan farm cooperatives supplying supermarkets to study the impact of supply agreements on producers’ mean output prices and price stability.
