Observations of smallholder farmer inefficiency often reflect failure to control for nature. An example would be Ivorien rice farmers effected on their production frontier once inconsistent control for soils, rain, and pests are involved.  So perhaps a non-uptake adoption is optimal as well?

This presentation is based on the AMA Innovation Lab projects for the Mind the Gap Workshop. This workshop was designed to allow for discussion of the pressing problem of the “yield gap” and the constraints to technology adoption that cause it. 

This presentation took place at the Ronald Reagan Building, Polaris Room and International Center, United States on November 3, 2016.